“Every time I paint a portrait I lose a friend.” ~John Singer Sargent
The world’s most recognized painters list seldom includes Americans--an exception is made for John Singer Sargent. An American expatriate born in Florence, Italy, Sargent studied art and painting in Italy and Germany, and did not visit the United States until he was twenty and then later in life he traveled extensively throughout the United States painting many watercolor landscapes, oil portraits of two U.S. presidents (Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson), and three portraits of Robert Lewis Stevenson, and a portfolio of detailed charcoal sketches for murals to decorate the Boston Public Library.
Boston Public Library Murals
In 1874, Sargent traveled to Paris to work with Emile Auguste Carolus-Duran and exhibited his work at the Paris Salon in the early 1880s.Sargent’s area of expertise was oil and he specialized in portraits, many commissioned by wealthy and famous society families including the French artists Albert Besnard (1849-1934) and his wife Charlotte Bubray (1855-1931) depicted in Sargent’s portrait, Fete Familiale (The Birthday Party).
Fete Familiale (The Birthday Party)
In his era, he was considered a very progressive artist because rather than spending his time on detailed under drawings [and then painting] his subjects, he went straight to the canvas with a full brush of paint. His style was influenced by and later compared with the work of the Spanish painter, Diego Velazquez (1599-1660). Like Velazquez, Sargent explored both realism and impressionism in his work as evidenced in the commissioned portrait entitled The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit.
The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit
In 1884, Sargent caused a scandal in the art world and Paris society circles with his most famous painting of the Paris socialite, Madame Gautreau, Portrait of Madame X. The young woman’s family demanded that the original painting be removed from exhibition in the 1884 salon because they considered his depiction of an off-the-shoulder strap on her dress, the very pale color of her skin and the angle of her stance far too provocative for a public display. Rebuked by conservative Paris art critics, Sargent removed the painting, repainted the dress strap--now shown modestly on the top of the shoulder--and kept the portrait for over twenty years before selling it to the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Madame X was not Sargent’s first or only avant-garde portrait of a beautiful woman but it was his personal favorite and is considered by many to be his best work.
Portrait of Madame X
After the negative reaction to Madame X, Sargent left Paris and moved to London in 1866.He quickly gained a following for new portrait commissions of the social elite, and exhibited pieces of his work as an associate of the Royal Academy, later becoming a full member.Not just a painter of the wealthy, Sargent was comfortable moving in many social and cultural circles.He painted Italian peasants, Spanish soldiers, African-American laborers, and Gypsy street children.Sargent also formed friendships with a number of famous artists including Paul Cesar Helleu and his wife Alice, Auguste Rodin, William Merritt Chase, Edwin Austin Abbey (his colleague during the Boston library mural years) and Claude Monet whom he painted in his own impressionistic piece, Claude Monet Painting at the Edge of a Wood.
Street in Venice, Smoke of Ambergris
By 1907, Sargent decided he no longer wanted to paint portraits and concentrated instead on landscapes. Traveling the world, he found inspiration for his paintings in every place he visited. Multiple visits to the United States resulted in an exhibit of eighty-six watercolors in New York City in 1909; eighty-three were then acquired by the Brooklyn Museum. Sargent also created his series of oil murals as decorations for the walls of the Boston Public Library during this period. In 1925, during the planning for one of his many trips from London to Boston, Sargent died of a heart attack in his sleep.
The Chess Game
During his lifetime and career, while other artists were following the movements of Impressionism, Fauvism and Cubism, John Singer Sargent developed his own style as a Realist. His work was disapproved of and even rejected by many art critics but his popularity among his friends and the people he painted for was undeniable.
Venetian Glass Workers
Many major museums have exhibited the works of John Singer Sargent since the 1960s, among them the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, The National Gallery of Art Washington, and the National Gallery, London. In addition, his popularity is still alive and well with modern day art collectors who have continued to purchase his paintings for very high prices. Two famous examples include, Portrait of Robert Louis Stevenson and his Wife, which sold in 2004 for $8.8 million, and Group with Parasols (A Siesta) (1905), sold in 2004 for $23.5 million—almost twice the estimate of its appraised value.
Group with Parasols (A Siesta)
Copyright Tina Pfeiffer 2009 - do not use the text in this post without my written permission.
The year of his marriage also brought Parrish his first magazine cover commission withHarper’s Bazaar that began his artistic career, which endured over 50 years and helped define the Golden Age of Illustration and the American visual arts. His talent for illustration and skill with colors caught the eye of many publishers and his work was commissioned for book illustrations, calendars, greeting cards, product advertisements, candy boxes and print. His work appeared in three of the twentieth century’s most-loved, and best known children’s books: Poems of Childhood by Eugene Field (1904), Arabian Nights by Nora Smith and Kate Wiggins (1909), and the most beloved of the Parrish illustrated books, Knave of Hearts by Louise Saunders (1925).
The Knave oil on panel
Between 1904 and 1935, Parrish enjoyed a steady flow of requests for work and was revered as a celebrity when his commissions rose to $2,000 each. An absolute favorite with the American public by 1925; one out of every four households in the United States had a copy of one of his art prints displayed in their home. A survey taken at that time found him listed among the top three favorite artists along with Cezanne and Van Gogh. He was inducted into the Society of American Artists in 1897.
Garden of Allah oil on panel
Technique and Influence Maxfield Parrish was an innovator in the use of luminous color. The color “Parrish blue”, used frequently in his paintings, was named in his honor. Parrish created a technique of glazing bright layers of oil color separated by varnish and then applied to a base rendering of a blue and white monochromatic under painting. He achieved depth in his paintings by using enlargements of photographs of figures or objects which he projected and then traced at half or full size. The next steps were to cut out and place the images on the canvas and then apply multiple layers of thick glaze. The result creates realistically sized subjects and very vivid colors which appear almost three-dimensional when viewing his original paintings.
Morning oil on panel
Another method invented by Parrish involved making a large piece of cloth patterned with a black-and-white geometric design, draping the cloth on a human, and then photographing the model. With a developed transparency of the photo projected on a white canvas, Parrish used graphite to color in any parts of the project that were to be black. The outcome was a completed painting of a figure wearing a precisely draped cloth with a unique pattern on it. No artist has duplicated the style of Parrish but he influenced many including Norman Rockwelland Andy Warhol.
The Waterfall(1930),Solitude(1930) - both oil on panel
The Landscape Painter During the 1930s, their children grown and pursuing their own careers, and unhappy about Susan Levin living full-time in the studio with Parrish, Lydia left home to live alone, writing and painting during winters in St. Simon’s Island, Georgia. In 1931, after two winters in Arizona, Parrish decided to abandon his classic, “girls on rocks” theme and focused on painting landscapes. During this period, Parrish studied the hues of nature and applied even more intense colors to his work. A series of Great Southwest paintings include Night in the Desert,Desert with Water, The Grand Canyon, Pueblo Dwellings, Desert without Water (Cowboys), and Water on a Field of Alfalfa. He also produced a series of New England landscapes that were well received by the American public following the Great Depression and in the years leading to World War II. Many of his landscapes were printed on greeting cards, playing cards and in calendars published by Minnesota’s Brown & Bigelow Company from 1937 until 1962. Parrish also designed and painted a number of murals, on the walls of his own home and as decoration within famous hotels and bars across the country.
Evening Shadows, New Hampshire Hills oil on panel
The Last Painting In 1961, Parrish finished his last painting, Getting Away from It All. The small oil on board shows a lone house on a high mountain peak surrounded by winter snow lit with the light of dawn. A small light burns in the window, and a fantastic light rises beyond the hill as if a beacon inviting the viewer to move from the safety of the home and go on to a higher realm. Parrish painted until he was 90 years old and died in 1966 at the age of 95. Each new generation rediscovers the magic and romance of Maxfield Parrish’s artwork and he remains the most reproduced artist in the history of art.
Getting away from It All (1960) oil on panel
Part 2 of a 2 part post--please click here to read part one from last week! To view a respresentative collection of works by Maxfield Parrish visit HERE.
Copyright Tina Pfeiffer 2009 - do not use the text in this post without my written permission.
“I don't know what people find or like in me, I'm hopelessly commonplace!” ~Maxfield Parrish
Most of us can remember the first time we saw an art picture or children’s book illustrated by Maxfield Parrish. The magical worlds created by Parrish usually include the color of lapis lazuli blue; in it’s purest form, also known by fine artists as “Parrish Blue”. The works of Parrish are romanticized scenes filled with electric violets, radiant reds, and rich glowing earth tones. Feminine or androgynous figures, nude and partially draped in flowing fabrics, maidens and knights lounging under porticoes flanked by classical pillars with lush backgrounds landscapes of make-believe mountains, fantasy waterfalls and fairy tale ambiance are common in the world of Maxfield Parrish paintings. The beauty, attention to detail and technical execution of the work denies us the ability to question their existence. The extraordinary people and fire-breathing dragons of a Parrish painting are so realistic that we want to believe they can be real people in real places.
Daybreak (1922)oil on panel
The Illustrator Born July 25, 1870 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Frederick Maxfield Parrish was the child of Stephen Parrish, a well-known artist and etcher and his wife Elizabeth Bancroft Parrish. Maxfield, a descendant of generations of Quaker physicians, adopted his middle name as his professional name at a young age and followed in his father’s footsteps to pursue a love of art.
Egypt (1920) oil on panel
During his childhood, Parrish began drawing for pleasure, enjoyed painting trips in the summers with his father and visits to the major museums of Europe as a teen. Graduating from Haverford College in 1892, Parrish entered the Pennsylvania Academy and studied there until 1894. Working as an aide to Howard Pyle at Drexel Institute he met Lydia Austin, another instructor and his first female model, and they married in 1895, were married for 58 years and together produced four children: Dillwyn (1904), Maxfield Jr. (1906), Stephen (1909) and Jean (1911). Parrish and his family lived on an estate he designed, built, and named “The Oaks”.
Ectascy (1929) oil on panel, 36 x 24
The Parrish estate was in the middle of an artist’s colony founded by Augustus Saint-Gaudens, his father Stephen, and other writers, poets and painters of the era. The Oaks was built near Cornish, in Plainfield, New Hampshire, and overlooked the Connecticut River. Parrish filled his home and his children’s lives with reading and culture including musical soirees hosted in the main house. At the suggestion of his father, Parrish hired Susan Lewin; age sixteen, to assist Lydia with their first child during her difficult second pregnancy. Shortly after her employment began, Susan became the primary model in Parrish’s studio, his mistress (which lasted for 55 years), and his constant companion until a few years after his wife passed away. Despite being widowed, Parrish declined to marry Susan and she retaliated by marrying a childhood friend, at age 70, in 1960.
Stars (1926) oil on panel, 35 x 21
Part 1of a 2 part post--please visit again to read part two next week! To view a nice respresentative collection of more work by Maxfield Parrish visit HERE.
Copyright Tina Pfeiffer 2009 - do not use the text in this post without my written permission.
Tell me a bit about yourself name, location, affiliations, personal stuff. My name is Rosa Murillo, I grew up in Mexico City and I paint and create mixed-media art in North Carolina. Trained in Mexico as an architect, I then moved to the United States, was married, became a mother, and a freelance artist. I started a project called Found Art Tuesday, in which I give away art in unexpected places to unsuspecting individuals.
twist - original painting
Apart from creating art, what do you do? I am a Mom and a Wife and it's a wonderful job to have. I love my family and I try to spend as much time with them as I can, but at the same time, having time to be alone with my thoughts and doing something creative gives me a sense of fulfillment, makes me happy and makes me feel like ME again, not a mom or wife, but just me. I've found that inspiration and creativity are always around but I need to stop and listen to them so that it can all make sense.
lazarus heart - assemblage box
What first made you want to become an artist? When I was in architecture school I found that the part of the projects I enjoyed the most were the ones that needed illustrations, model making and design, that's when I discovered that there was more art that I wanted to explore. Life took me in another direction for a few years, until I decided to explore painting as a new experiment, and I fell in love with it.
superhero blue bird - print of original painting
Please describe your creative process how, when, materials, etc. Since I am a mom of two young kids my time to paint is seriously limited. I try to make time for painting whenever I can. The best time for me is when my kids are at school, and I aim to devote at least a few hours a week to the paintings that require more planning. I've been working on smaller projects in between painting and steal a moment whenever I can to play in other mediums. I recently discovered polymer clay and I can't wait to experiment with it more. The most challenging thing for me is not having enough time to materialize all of the things that fly around my mind--I know these ideas could become great projects if I had more time in my days to sit still longer than a minute!
cafe latte - digital file of original painting
What artists have influenced you and inspire you to create? I like to follow other art and illustration blogs because I feel inspired from so many things that people create. Bloggers usually write about the things that motivates them and what they are interested in--it's a positive drive that I love!
cigar box assemblage supply kit - finished boxes by Rosa
Where else can people find your work? Along with my Etsy shop, my website includes a selection of my past work and links to my blog where I share the pieces that I create. I also share my process and the things that I've learned along the way. Like many blogs, there's also a number of random things I like to write about besides my art since I have so many interests. My Flickr stream is where you can view my entire portfolio. My YouTube channel features a few instructional videos I designed about epoxy resin, polymer clay and collage. Last but not least, I've also been bitten by the Twitter bug!
My goodness, where am I not--that's the real question!
Photos are by and copyright of Rosa Murillo 2009 - all rights reserved.
Repainting a filing cabinet is a quick and affordable way to bring a fun color into your home office. I found this DIY project online and thought you all might enjoy it.
NOTE: Always work outside when painting for proper ventilation!!
1. Remove all hardware first. Pull out all of the drawers so you can spray each one individually and allow them to dry separately.
2. Clean your cabinet of any marks, rust or debris, then sand lightly to give the surface some tooth for the paint to grab onto.
3. Use a spray paint primer (available from any hardware shop or home store). Apply primer from about 12" away, erring on the side of caution by applying even, light coats. Allow to dry overnight.
4. Spray paint in the same manner the primer was applied (work slow and steady to avoid streaks or uneven sections). Allow to dry at least overnight before use.
Pfeiffer Photos: Tell us a bit about yourself name, location, affiliations and a bit of personal stuff.
Kim: My name is Kim Gadbois, I am a 25 year old artist from Montreal, Canada. I work 40 long hours a week in a video game company mostly trying to figure out a way to become a freelancer. I would either like to be my own boss or make a switch to work in the animation industry. I like chocolate cake, cats (I have the most adorable kitty) and my boyfriend, who is also an artist. I stated traveling last year and I can say that seeing the world and discovering more countries has quickly become one of my ongoing goals in life.
PP: Apart from creating art, what do you do?
Kim: I am a ballet dancer! Not professionally of course, but I started to dance when I was three years old and have continued to train at least once a week since. I must say that it is very difficult to find a balance between art and ballet because they are two activities that I have to squeeze into my spare time, and they both require a strong commitment in order to achieve success. Apart from these pursuits, I work every Saturday in a dance supply store. I sell pointe shoes and leotards all day long and I love it!
PP: What first made you want to become an artist?
Kim: Watching Disney's animated movies at a very early age , I knew that it was what I wanted to do. I wanted to become a Disney animator. I would spend my days copying VHS covers of the movies, practicing my coloring and painting skills, and imagining how great it must be to work for The Mouse. This ambition has stayed with me ever since but I realized my passion in animation school. When I learned that there are other jobs that support the animators in the industry--background painters, illustrators, in-betweeners--I decided perhaps that was the best route for my talents and interests.
PP: Please describe your creative process how, when, materials, etc.
Kim: I usually start with a quick sketch in my sketchbook. Depending if I want to make a painting or just a drawing, I will redo the sketch onto a canvas. This is the crucial step because sometimes I don't like the real drawing as much as the quick doodle I originally created and it takes time to figure out how to make it work for a finished piece. I also like to work digitally in Photoshop. In my Etsy shop, you will also find other art projects like crochet and Swarovsky rings. When I discovered Etsy in 2008, and I saw all of the different arts and crafts that people are offering there, I had a craft attack and wanted to try a bit of everything! I have finally decided to stick to promoting my drawings and paintings. I am also considering offering prints of my original works.
PP: What artists have influenced you and inspire you to create?
Kim: Apart from Disney artists in general, I have to say Eyvind Earl (who also worked for Disney). He was a genius background painter popular in the 1940's. He was the art director and painter for the Disney film, Sleeping Beauty. Earl had such a mad attention to details and his work is simply magical. I'd also have to include Marcel Marlier, a Belgian illustrator famous for creating the Martine series of children's books. These books contain some of the most beautiful illustrations I have ever seen in my life and it's notable that he dedicated all of his career to creating this series. I would say that you can find a little of his influence in my drawings. These days I am influenced and inspired by art blogs created by students from every animation school in the world. I follow bloggers living, studying and working in California, France and Canada--all three areas have a high concentration of talented artists. I spend a lot of time watching what other people are creating. It helps keep my creative juices flowing.
PP: Where else can people find your work?
Kim: I have a deviantART gallery with almost all of the illustrations I display on my blog, Pantoufle de verre. I also sell my acrylic paintings on Ebay but always announce these offerings on my blog first. I may attend the Toronto Fan Expo this year. It is a convention where you can sell anything related to comics or cartooning and meet up with other artists. Networking and making connections in the art world is always helpful to my career!
PP: Oh, and just what does Pantoufle de verre mean? Kim: The translated title of my blog would mean something like: Glass slipper in gravel!
The paintings, sketches, drawings, illustrations and animated film displayed in this post are the original creations of Kim Gadbois, and several can be found for sale in her Etsy shop, deviantART gallery and on Ebay. Enjoy more of Kim's work online at her Flickr Gallery.
I'm Tina...wife, artist, student, writer, traveler, adventurer, native Oregonian, entreprenuer, photographer, decorator, foodie, music lover, Etsy fan, vintage aficionado, pragmatic, reader and blog author. My thanks to all of you who follow my musings...I truly appreciate and enjoy your participation.